Computing machine



BEST AVAILABLE COP.

Oct. 21. 1924.

a. c. STICKNEY COMPUTING MACHINE Filed July 19. 1922 5 Sheets-Sheet lBEST AVAILABLE cop.

Oct. 21. 1924. 1,512,506

8. c. STICKNEY COMPUTING 11110111111:

Filed July 1922 5 Sheets-Shqet 2 BEST AVAILABLE COP.

Oct. ,21. 1924. 1,512,506 B. c. s'ncKNEY COMPUTING momma rileqauu' 1 22S'SheetS-Shent s BEST AVMLABLE COP B. C. STICKNEY COMPUTING MACHINE 5Sheets+$heef4 Filed July 19, 1922 QQQ mbw

BEST AVAILABLE COP".

0c!- I B. c. sTlCKNEY BEST AVAiLABLE COP Patented Oct. 21, 1924. C

- UNITED STATES "BU NHAM c .""s'.'rIcxNEY, or nnrznnn'rn,

MACHINE country, or" Nnw YORnQNJY, econronArI'oNorfNEw donru'rI e' T RCOMPUTING MACHINE. 1

pmemiomca NEW JERSEY, AssIeNon- 'ro uNnnnwoon Application filed July 19,1922; serial No. 5.76,024. n PM i r TojaZZ wlwmz'tmay concern: I p Be'itknown that I, BURNHAM C. S'mcKNnY, a citizen of the United States,residing in Elizabeth, inthescounty' of Unionand State 6 of New Jersey,have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Computing Ma-:chines, of which the following is aspecificatlOIl-i r I '1 ;Thisinvention relates to computingmech- 10 l-anism, andhas'principally to dowith setting the mechanism -to,perform either Subtraction oradditionatnwill, particularly where tw o,or more registerslare employedin the same machine,-a's for example, in the, patents to .Minton,0,121,280,065, of September 24,1918, and: Thornton, 1 N o. 1,283,360,-of.October, 29, 1918.1. 251.; uf :wInthe Underwood combinedadding and"typewriting machine to which said patent-s relate, the dial ornumber-bearing wheels advance -in-the same direction when subtracting aswhen adding, subtraction being performed by adding-complements I Thetype- -keys set up index-pins corresponding to the number being typed onthe work-sheet, then a general operator serves to advance thedialwheels-according to such setting of the index-pinsI When desired,the mechanism of said machine is shifted to a-subtraction conditionpreparatory to the typing of the numberon the work-sheet, and each digittypekey may then set up a complementary indexpin, so that at theoperation of the general operator the dial-wheels are advanced in such amanner that the number typedon the worksheet is subtracted from thenumber pre viously in the register, as set forth in the HansonPatent,,No. 1,278,812, of September 10, 1918. It is usual to shift theentire adding mechanism to subtraction condition, so that-the registersmust either all add or all subtract;

' One of the objects of the present invention is to provide individualsubtraction shifts forthe registers, so that while one or more registersare set for addition, one or more other registers may be set forsubtraction, thus providing for simultaneous addition and subtraction ina machine in which subtraction is performed by the complementaryaddition method. Certain of the features of improvement may also be usedin singleregister machines.

' "(.L'w l-"' .1 it'i Usuallyeach register is provided withla systemofdepressible indexingpins, The se a t y a si ka'g s w ch amconr nectedone to each digit key. Each linkage usually comprises .-a ,barextending.,-horizontally; across the machinaandgdepressible toset theselected;index-pin.-,;, f;- W 00 According to the present llyfi tipn,each -key -i .pr edvy ith ai qub i a keg so that it depresses-jtw hanabjargbeing capable of settingan ind m,gfor;addition, and theothergbarheiugpapable qfrdepres- 1 sing the complementary. index-pin;for ;subr m 0 mP Q,;if:k yff 3iS perated a 2 bar is depressed, also a 7bar. .1 However, onlypnepfsaid bars is effective i the oth bar-.Qpemt.ing1.idlylh m ew ch bar sh 11 -b .--ac .ire; ndwhichtidletis c1determined-by shiftinga subtraction lever preparatory ;to opera-tin;;the i1yP eys;,-, Each of these settingdmrs, carriesazcomb cwhoseteethproject downwardlylto setthe 7 indexing pins; ;These combs 1' extendlong a." 'tudinally of, the bars and are endwise shiftable, and thecomb-teeth may befshifted to 1 position I where; they will ;move downidly, .betweenthe files of p1ns. A :Asingle combi-shifter is employedat-each register for all of the combs; and by. its usethe' additioncombs may be shifted out-of use and the subtraction or complementarycombs'maybe simultaneously shifted into use. Anyone or more registersmay be in addition condition while anyone or moreother registers may bein subtraction condition. Subtract-ion fmay be performed in only oneregister ata time, so that it is unnecessa to put all of the register 90through a subtraction operation idly,'while subtraction is beingperformed in only one of the registers. V a I 7 Other features andadvantages will hereinafter appeaiz a In the accompanyingdrawings, 1: aFigure 1 is a fragmentary view, in longitudinal section from front torear {through a pair of linkages, each linkage capable. of setting the'same pin, one linkage (operated by 1 one key) sett' it. for'addition,and the 4 other linkage perated .by j another key) setting it forsubtraction. 1 Iv Figure 2 is a'sectional elevation-of an Underwoodcombined typewriting and-add- 105 ing machine, taken from frontto rear.

\ BEST AVAILABLE cop Figure 3 shows the usual supernumerary bar that isassociated with each register for efiecti' 't 5% 'c ir'i' 'riti'bnlol'anfjextiga 1 p s ii ion a 't eachsuhtr'action o operation.

lj-igure;4 is a, seetionaL-plan of the middle eeit ei ititl the lowerbars ofthe linkages, these b a-rs carrying at their under edges theCOIIlbSJVhlChg,

set the index-pins.

F i re 5 is a cross-section of the machine, showln the bars which carrythe index-pins v andi drive the dial whe ls, also the I ro'clc shaftsoperable bythedigit keys, and"cer tain of t e-jlinkages which areoperable by the rocksha ft s -and carry" en'dwise shit'table combsforsetting tlie index-pins; r

Figure '6i's a plan of the so-called indeX- pin-settingfIfl11*l5,WliiCh* is seen in cross-section atF-igj'nje?5F FiguieT :is'adiagrammatic plan ofthe "indeX-Lpin-setting mechanism,

i Figure- 8 is as erspeetiveskeleton view to illustrate tli'e-rel'atioiiship of the key operated ll l lkigg the setting-combs-thereon, the

index-pins, th'e comb-shifting mechanism,

etc. T" k Fi' re 9 :is ai sectional? side? eleyation,

'S h'O Wfi f tlie suhtraction'setting 'lre'yfland meai'ns 4 operable:thereby for restorin'g the 9 pins -'wliic1'r were set hy thegenerab-operator*'-at?{the completion of the last "subnactiomo atie n:11 i5 l Ais set forth in said patents, when any one f I the digit typekeys'dOis depressed to impPesSfitS type lit upon the paper, a; 'stern 12pendenfi -fromisaid ikey depresses an arm 13 u'pozp a horizontal:rearWardly eXtending rok shait 1411 i There are nine of 12 these:rtielislifitg-v 14 1 one for each 1' digitz 5 key. These rockshaftsdoaiot need to'ishiftendwise,- as i1'i saidhpatents; but fixed iupo neach i is botlr an addition arm 15 i forsetting the index pip-thatcorresponds= with othe key and a I subtraction =16 for setting:comp-leinentary indeix-pins.- For the shaft 114- belonging :to the key4, therock 'alrmsi 'ber nei ged into ane; 15 which is connected tQ-fopei a'te adjoining linkages; 1 the ifront linka e 1 'being -fori='add-iti on2- and: the 1 :rear linkage-"- for "subtraction; The: shaft.for key 9 has only an addition arm, 154 *E21ch of the arms =l5gi 16 lSSl0tteClat0' engage a pin 17 projecting fIOIII-fiphOI'lZOlltiLltransverse 'rod--18 forming an upper: membee of a .,linkage,=-saidirod'fbeiirga pivoted to 'slFfor-t arms :19, QO- rising 2from;.1eft-hand and right-hand piv0t=rods 2'1 fixed in the framevvforlr225 3 -short r-arnisz are; joined; to 'leftwardly extending arinsm 23,:up-omivhich a1'e: piWoted=':by-' their 3 ends vhorizontal transversepin-setting bars 24, for: addition,.' and '25 for subtraction; Whentheuppenrod 18 of the linkage is :movede'ndwisel by its key, the lowerbars.- 2e i-25 are: moved; downadding-mechanism, showing 4 operatedroclesharftsn ltboperates two i of: it-lie ibar pnitlierotheiimayheneflectiveg according :to -.whether: the a i'ndividnazkl iS'iSBH gforadditionzor subtraction. I -'r longitudinally .uponuits, bar. Jl hisiiwardly, and one of them depresses a selected index-pin 26.

'iSystems ofz'index-pinsgori devioes 26 are illustrated, one foreachreglster; 'Ilie pins 'nian ner' upon a forwardly eiitehdifiig}horizontalba 27, having at its fronten'd'a rack 28 to drive the dialwheel 29, of which sevieral= compose the; register. As usual, wheneverthe typewriter carriage 30 is nearing a given denominational--pes1tion,- a-dog 81 on said carriage operates to liftra' pivotedsj 'ack32,3,wh'ose rear end depressesha urodig 3s, 8 thereby operating m'leveri-i lgi which; by means-of a transpositioni device' 35,:i's etfestivetodisplace: fonwardlyiahan .27; of: .a denominationgcorresponding:tothe/position of the typewriter carriage. This bringsithe index-.pinsonsaid bars 271' tozposition beneath extend across ithe machineyiandiheneecthei'e may be =depressedi ori set; an yiselectedtpinfifiInasmuchias eaclmqfitlxe first eightnkeylinkages, it follows) that .twoof. therpi'nssetting bars 24, 25 are depressed, Eithez'smie Topermitnsuehi: alteringhoh ithfl ;cond-ition Olin-11y register:mechanisnin eacheof the;d-. pressible bars 241i; :25 iis prpviidedwitheaudrisplaceable pin settingcacombei Each addition .coinbicompi'isesaisfiripfighaaving piis'ndent i teeth 37 which arecspaeed evenlyi ;1Bi&g6e

with .the transverse -:,spacingigof)-gthe eimix- "pinsififieformingxtheisystems, =Each:.siflohrejcztion LCODIb'BOHl'PIlSGS rag-strip seami-,teethi39- Sever-ah of, theieombsimay beprovidednphn 5:;

each ofgthe rdepressiblebarefle, 2550110 comb for: eaclnregisteirz .Anycomhmayi ish ig e Ina-Cy be independentmiithemthem combs pn that.- bar;Hence IIQzGE ;.mpren',r gi. terii g I" mechanisms may lobe.a set};fOILSubfiactioQ, while theremaindfiaresetforjadd ition BEST AVAiLABLECOP.

theteth 39in the subtraction combs; and

hence in theleft -hand register at Figure 5 all of the addition teeth 37are in position to drop 'down between the rows of index-pins 26 and arehence out of use; while in the othertwo registers all of the additionteeth 1 37 are positioned directly over the index pins 26, and hence areeffective upon the operation of .the keys, while the teeth 39 move idlydown between the pins. Thus, in the left-hand ,register the operation ofeach key will set up its complementary pin26, for subtraction, while inthe other two registers thefsa me kev will simultaneously set uppins26lforaddition. I p

The typewriter, carriage may be provided \vith t-hree',,of the,denomination-selecting dogs 31,46,47, andthe sets of jacks 32 may bargea corresponding echelon arrangement asfusiual so that computation maybecarried on ingallthree registers atone typing of a number on thework-sheet. Many other arrangements may also be used as for examplethere may be one selecting dog 31 and three similansetsbfjacks, so thatonly one register is affected at each typing of a number; andin such. acaseall thenumbers in one column may be subtracted, while those typed inthe other two columns on the work-sheet may be added, without thenecessity of requiring the operator to shift from addition tosubtraction in every line of typing. V

. vEach comb may have the same thickness as the bar 24 or in which it ismounted; and both the bars and the combs may be guided in vertical slots48 formed in a number of guide-plates 49 arranged on edge and extendingfromfront to back of the sets of systems of index-pins and fixed by ears50 to the framework 22 of the machine. The bars24, 25 are placed inpairs, face to face. Thearrangement of bars and combs in facewisecontact permits of loose guiding, so that bars and combs work freely,while there is no liability of any of them getting outof order fromaccumulation of dirt'or othercauses. The combs imay be loosely supportedupon their supporting bars so that there will be no binding of the combsinisaidslots 40. The guide-plates 49 may be placed just outside of thesets of pinbars, 27 and where each slot in eachplatc. will serve asa-guide for two ofthe transverse bars 24, 25, aswell as the two combs36, 38 mounted thereon. This secures inexpensively a desirable facewisecompactness of the moving parts, and the combs are properly confinedwhile free to move endwise and ertically. By placing the combs closelyface to face, their teeth may strike fairly upon the-tops of the indexpins, since the thickness of one comb, added to that of ,the contiguouscomb, may just equal the di-' ameter of the pin beneath, .so'that the.operation of saidpin is assured byany ofthe combs intended therefor.1.1-. At the depression of any key only, neof the bars 24, 25 in anycontiguous pair is de pressed. That is to say, the twobars 24, 25, whichare depressed at the oper'ation of each key, are found in differentpairs. For example, vthe digit ke s for .1 and 8f depress barsin thefirst and eight pairs, counting from the front, the keys ,f :2".an d 7?depress. the bars-in thepsecondgiand the third and FsixthgpairS thekeysf i 5 .in the fourth and fifth, pairsgfiand so on. v Theibell-cranks19, 23 and ,2 23;- are likewise placedin pairs at masses off th elinkages, Figured At its rear, end each.ofthesubtraction} shiftingrockshafts 45, Eigure4, has an arm 51 extending. towards the 7 right,and fdepres sible by means of a link'52, Figuref2', which, at its lowerend, islpivoted to a rock-,arin 53 fixed. uponva transverse ,horizontalirocke shaft 54, the latter having fixed qtl iereto an upright arm 55,to' which i li s connected the rear end of a bar 56 carrying aishift-key57 so that, by. j pushing back saidzbar, 'the shaft 54 is rocked, andthearm 53 is moved down, together. with the link ;5 2 thereby pullingdown the arm 5 1 and rocking the shaft 45, which causes the bail 42,144.to rock or shift to the left, thus shifting all of the combs to bringthe subtraction teeth 39 into use and the addition teeth 37 outof use,and hence setting the individual register for substraction, as attheleft-hand, portion of Figure 5. A 1; h m Since 9 has no complemenh the 9pins are not to befdepressed by any digitkey when a register is insubtraction condition. Hence but a single bar 24: is used for depressingthe 9 pins in addition, said bar connected to the 9? key. HOW- ever, inthe operation of setting a register to subtraction, the 9; pins are alldepressed automatically. In the course of the subsequent subtractionoperation, any of the depressed 9 pins may be restored by any of thetype-keys 1? to ,8, all of which are capable of operating a specialtransverse bar 58, ,whose function it isrtorestore the 9 pin in anydenomination. Hence, when any pin 1 to 8 is set in any, denomi nation,the 9 pin in thesame denomination is simultaneously restored. Saidspecial bar 58 is provided: with index-setting combs-{59 similar tothose already mentioned Each of these combs 59 is shifted endw-ise intouse automatically when its register is be'- ing set for subtraction, andisshi'fted out of use automatically when the register is being set foraddition. Alny register may be set independently of the other registers;bypressingits subtraction key 57, which is'siniilar to those in use onsaid Unde'r w'ood machine; 'said key performing its usual generalfunction and also serving to shift the-pin-set-ting coinbs 36, 38 fromaddition positionto subtraction position for that register.

One subtraction-key isusually employed on theUnder n-ood machine forsetting all of the "registers simultaneously" to su'btr'ac-' tion; but'according'to the present im rove- Inentsthe subtraction'keyse'f maybe'individual to the registers; However, one subtraction key' may set aplurality of registers to subtraction, if desired; while anyone or moreregisters remain at addition position;

The rock-shaft 54c;"towhich asubtr'action' ky is connected,hfls-"in'each instance a'nr'ech anism connected thereto for settingfgall'ot the9 indexpins of its register; Said 9 pins are usually looselyconnected to'lev'ers'60 that are pivoted indiyidua'lly" upon 'the' pin-'bars; so that the 9' pins' may be depressed or lift'e'd'by means'ofsai'd levers." A'uni- Vei'sal bar 61 isproVi'dedfOr 'eac'liregi'ster;and 'e'xtends across the set of levers 60'for depressing the v saine,-said' universal bar or bailbeing fix ed by'arms 62 upon a transversehorizontal rock shaft" 63 journa-led' in the fraineworkgas set forth insaid Minton Pat.- ent 1;280,065. From the rock 'sliaft" extendsdownwardly. and rearwardly an operating arm 64.

I A's-set'foi'tli in saidMinton patent, a subtraction 'bar- 69,extending forwardly" and rearwardly alongside of a' set of pin-bars 27,is normally locked in forward position"; againstthe tension of a spring7 0,' by means of a detent 71, which hooks into a notch 72 provided insaid subtraction bar 69. The detent may be releasedfor the purpose'ofpermitting'the spring 70 to draw back the subtraction rod 69. For thispurpose the 'de'-' tent issecured to the shaft 54; which is rocked bythe arm and subtraction keyrod 56 against the tension of a returningspring-75, the latter connectedto arm" Figure '2. When a subtraction key57 is pressed back, the'shaft 54 is rocked, rem'ow ing the detent 71from the notch 72 and permitting the spring 70 to draw back the"subtraction bar 69. A hook 81, pivoted onthe subtraction bar 69,'catchesupon'a projection 82formed on the arm 64;; and thus rocks the shaft 63and the bail 61, causing the latter to descend and depress the forwardendsot levers and thus set all the 9 pins in that register. Before thesubtraction'bar'69 coin-- pletes its 'rearward stroke an' arm 78'on'th'e BEST AVAILABLE co hook 8r will come i11te'en a'geineiivHvitlf-a stop or disconnector' 84', whereby the'hook 81- WillberockeldLagai-nst the'tehsiorl of' a, spring 85' out of engagement withtliepi o' jection 82, thus'p'ermitting the springf79 to retrieve thebail 61, 62, a'nd leavingrhe e pins and their leyers'i'60 free'a'ritlfcreams their set positions. The baiPar'inMYnia 'be provided'with theusual e xtnsion' 86'w" ere by the bail' ma be" restore'd."tJ'yftl iegeiiffzi-l operator of the machine should necessity ar1se.

lVhen-the 9 pins are inml-epressed-pbsi: tions, the rear ends of theirindividual levers 60 are in elevated positions b'eneatlithe specialtransverse settingbar 58;. which is car: ried'by alinkagewhichresernbles one o'f tlie previously described linkages andincludes bell-cranks 23 and liulrSS and-islocated iii the rear of theother linkages, Figur f 8. The horizontally moving-member 88 oftliis"liiik age has one op'eratingpin 89- for every type-key, and therock-shafts-l t of sttidkeys have eachan" arn'r" 90" exten'dihg' upf toengage the corresponding pin 89, 'so 'tliatwlien any key'is depressedthisspeciallinkage is operated indepen denu'y' of tli --"other" The'fnn'ctiorfiofthis'linkage isto ream-e ase 9 pin for anydenominatien,eoriomitanfily with the setting of anyother di", j jit* 1')ifl" in saiddenomination? This" spam-linkage has no use when addition -i'sbeing-parasites: It'is provided with a set of theeambs se; correspondingto the jsubtract'itin" combs'z 'esy and supported and guidetl in asimilar ner', and capable of depressing the rear ends of the'9 pinrest'oririg leveis '60i- These combs 59 are shiftab'le by the sarif bars42 that "shift the othercombs; andtheyf gon'fith the subtraction set; sothat when the-submetion set is out of use this special 1i'r'ika'gf58;23'; 88; is also "out of' use '-'ai'i'd aetfon fp'lfslies nothing; butwhen "subtractiofl combs i are shifted i into use, I then" the combs sawthis linkage are alsoshifted into use'*,-'andf hence the 9 pinsa'reautdmati'c'ail-lyresetone'atai time;--in'theselecteddenominations? 5At Figure6 the registers are allset-for additiong bi t atFigures5,' -7and 8 the left hand register is'fset forjsubt'ra'c'tion; lXt theoperation 'of the digittype "keysIO "to write a 'nu'mber'inthe'desi'red' column on thework sheet; al'l of the dogs31; 4t71nay"operate' upon"corresponding jacks "in the usual man ner so thatpins 26- are set for a'll of tliereg isters those set in theleftliandregister being complementary as compared with-"those set-in theother two registers? Then the number so set up may be carried into there-' spective registers 29 by means'o'f a powerdriven general operator,such- 'as set forth in sai'd patentsi There" is illustratedin thepresent instance a manually-driven general opera't'or,"comprisingahandle 91" which op er'ates' agen'era'l' transverse shaft 92; "the latBEST AVAILABLE cop ter having segments 93 connected by idle pinions 94to racks 95, one'at'each side of the machine and guidedfor forwardmovement. These racks are connected by a transverse bar 96, formingtherewith a general operator frame or carriage. The forward edge of theadvancing bar 96 engages'js'uch pins as have been depressed, and drivesforward their racks 28 corresponding distaneesQthereby; running thenumbers into all the registers '29.? At the conclusion ofitsforwardstroke; the tr'ansverse' bar 96 engagesdu'gs 97 on the subtraction bars69,'-and returns'them to normal positions against the tension'- ofspring and the latches 71 are caused by the springs 7 5 to catch intothefnot'ches on said bar f69,"to retain them in their forward positions,'the subtraction keys 5'!" at thesa'me time returning tonormal-positions. j After the completion of theforward strok'e,' the'direction of thege'neral operator handlej 91 is reversed, if and; thecarry over mechanism notshown) is operated, and the transverse bar '96engages lugs '98on thepinfbars 65, 27 and restoresthern-to norrnalpositions It will be understood,however; t-l1at, at the con; clusion ofany subtraction operationjthe gweneral operator restores all "the 9 pinswhich remain set, this being accomplished by' means 'of'the' table Qorplatform 105. These pin-restoring devices may 'operate simultaneously}for all 'Of the'j ;registers" whether 'nsed for snbtra cti'onoraddition! Q As set forth in said Thornton Patent 1,283,360; the generaloperatorperforms several functions duringboth its adv'ancean'dreturn'fstrokes'w One of its returning fu'nc'f tionsis to restore all'of the'set pins'26 to their normal raised "positions;preparatory; to asubsequent computation. this putpose; there is pivoted on the generaloperator a pawl 100. whiclton the forward stroke of the operator. swingsidly past-an arm'lm fixed on a transverse rock-shaft l02.- A spring 103sna-ns'the pawl 10 back to normal position when it advances past'saidarm: and upon the return stroke of the general opera tor. said pawl willact as a ca'man'd swing the arm lOl upwardly. thereby rocking shaft 102and also-an'arrn 104' thereon; the latter en gaging and raising apin-"restoring table or plate 105 (of which there is one for eachregister) to raise allof the set'pins 26. Each of said pin-restoring:plates is supported for parallel motion by means of two pairs ofbell-crank levers 106. connected hv links 107. fWh'en itiis desiredforany rQist-er"'t0- he set permanently to subtraction. for conven ience'where' subtra'ction is to be performed in successive lines'oftypin itssubtraction key 57 may be pushed back. and then-a fingerpiece 108 maybe'lifted from the Figure? position, to swin'g'a latch 109 down behind apin 110 whichis provided upon the subtrac} tion bar 56,as at Figure9;The register will whichae e asvfr m s id latch, enemies e to free th e 112, wh erebyjthe subtraction bar 'is fr 11 w be drawn; back byfthespring 70; this occurring j'ust'as thegeneraljc'ip'er' ator isfinish'i'ngitsreturn'l jstioli'eTThis back wartl niovenient of'thesubtraction'bar causes;

be reset for'that ifgis't erif'prpaiatory'tothe next c'emputatien.=""rhe"ltfliclfiiii g and -releas m operation 'iistiqesribed "is stifoith irisaidiMinton "1?a'tentl1,280;O65; Hence there'- setting of the j9'p-insi'ri'the subtraction reg ister occurs ,aummaticauy at the cbnclu sibh ofeachcyclei'of operation'of the=gneral'flopr 'ator,"j' so long {as'"t hesiibtractionflreyf 57 is latched in. if, Whenit ilsidesite'dto"resto'ife themeg is'te-r' to condition -forladdition, the'key'brfinger iece 108 inay' be 'depress'ed, to lift the latch 109-and1jrelease the pin 110" and '"perinit the At th saline tiine fifl isreqtiiredto restore to normal position" the f9? pifis= whicl'i', as justexplained; were aiitofnatically' set"atf'the conclusion of th a l st'ey'fle f'thf gener l operator, Forthi's purpose the liftiligj'of thelatch key 10$ 1caused"toiraise {th'e pinrestorin'g'plate' 1,5625.thereby'to lift b'ackit-he set 9 pins; To the rear end of the'latch109is' pivoted af vertical link 1'16.*which at its lower end moves in afixed guide ll'Yfand on this l'ijn'k is iivotedja hook 118t'o lift; theforward tidof as levei"'1'19;'which is pivoted atits res/rend -=upon oneof the xocloshafts 120 of the described linkage; On the down strokeofthelink 1'16gthe hook 118 rides idly over the p'oint'of'saidlever'llt),and'is then caused by (a-spring 121to'snap" under the end ofj'saidlever; 'The'hook maintains this position, Figures}, as'lon g' as thisregisterreniains in subtraction COTldltlQn. "When; however,

the latch key 10s ls'deplessedi'thelink lie-is raised, together with thehook 1'18, thereby liftin'g the lever'119; the-latter haying an' apward-proj ect ion 122 which'lifts the table-105 to-res'tore the set 9 pins.Furthe'r 'upward movement of the linlr llfi will cause the hook 118toh'e CamIn'eH away "f'romthe lever-' by t Inearisjof cam 123" formed onthe top of a} hook arrn to' eiifgfi rte =124 ffixe'd npbn the fram wo kthe juook thus bend. nanimatout :5 1"; if J:

heeet ing.Qianyeub rae .k y 5? s brings into use a device which providesfor adding an extra unit i n .t hat register at; the enem /he fi b se iee en u w p dnce an arithmetical complement. Mechanism of ,this pharacteris disclosed in said patents ind is-in common use on said ,Undecreed mah n Jieeh o the t-esi te r eer b i with means f o r'intr oducing anextra unit etei zhe use idlewh e a t r eperetien Of subtracting bycomplementary addition.

device, as seen g t-Figure 3, may correond' with that device disclosedin the :neenreeb e en N 3 (r em' 22 .eee 23 et id Pa en in e upe i 'aizbe. .2 1111.8 a Met lug 6 .ee ep .i edvenee eit ire!" edge cf theeseeewber :96 t era epe i e la ieli 12 91 e the zpee ef e g ei awhat'eiier set on the units ,bar 27. so as to give he unr wh l-29 2 ex PQt LQQ AEiQI I- the supernurnerany bar 4 is nivete an arm e is dea e srble b y same-doail 51 which sets the f9 pins, said bein depressed intothe path th seiiete ereesant -t0, ne eherl t a e eee aae ,eneem ee y heog he ivi tli it s lug 126 and the units bar 27. imthe crease sneeifie at the elet oftfie subtraction opera tion thisarm l2? is to normalcondition by the usual pin-gestoging table 10 thereby rendering t e s prn sie sv a 125 id The t n e sadism-ro a a le d -P .2 ar S e slightlycupped as at .128, Figure 1, and the t p o t e ieeeibrtee h m y 1 r i eingly beveled Q ,Qvercome any tendency of the con b-teethtoslip off iromthe pins.

Xariations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, andportions of the improyements may used without others thus described myinvention, l .eIaim' '1. a machine in which snhtrzu-lion performed themethod of coinplcnientar addition, the combination of a single register,an operating mechanism therefor having a system of indexing devices. aset of nine digit keys, denomination-selecting means, linkage mechanismcontrolled by ,the keys for setting the indexing devices selectively,each of the first eight kers provided with a double linkage comprisingconcurrently operable addition and subtraction parts, and shifitablemeans co-operativc wit-h said double linkages to cause one or the otherof said parts to engage and set indesing devices fer either addition orsubtracdea '2'. In a machine in which subtraction is petitere ed-lenjthemetbed of complementary fiddii pl i eeembi ion f a r gi er mechenismhaving a systemof ind x-inc dev ces, e Set of nine t'ikeizs,denen'iieetion-selecte BEST AVAILABLE ing means, linkagemechanismcontrolled by the keys for setting theindexing.devioesselectiv'elygsaid linkage mechanism including bars forsetting indexing devices at the addition operation, vand also includingother bars for setting indexing devices atthe subtraction operation,audineans for .rendering one set of bars efi'ective end .the other setineffective.

3. In an adding machine havingdenomination selecting means, .thecombination with a registering mechanismincludinga set of indexingdevices, of a set of ,ninedigit keys. and index-setting bars operable bysaid keys, each bar carrying means .to set the indexing devices, saidsetting .1neans be ing shi-ftable on said bar into and .out eterfect-iveposition, two of suchbars being operable by each of the first eightkeys, and gne of the bars being omplementary to the other for each ofsaid .eight keys.

4:. In an adding and subtracting machine in which subtraction isperformed by ,the method of complementary tiddit-iomtbecombination ofar'egistering mechanism including a set of indexing devices, a .set ofnine digit keys, and linkage mechanism p pera-b-le by the keys andincluding bars (having devices mounted thereon for setting the indexingdevices. each of the keys ,L to 8 capable of operating two of the bars,and the setting devices being shiftable into and 1gut of effectivepositions relatively to said ars.

5. In an adding and subtracting machine in which subtraction isperformed by the method of complementary addition, the combination of :1registering mechanism including a set of indexing devices, a set of,nine digit keys. linkage mechanism operable by the keys and including.bars having combs mounted thereon for scttin the indexing devices, eachof the keys 1" to 8 capable of operating two of the bars. and the combsbeing shiit'ablc into and out of effectivepositions relatively to saidbars. and shiitable means or c(mconiitantly shifting the subtractioncombs into use and the addition combs out of use.

6. In an adding and subtracting machine in which subtraction isperformed by the method of complementary addition, the combination of aregistering inedianisin including a. set of indexing devices, a set ofnine digit keys. linkage mechanism operable by the keys and includingbars having combs mounted thereon for setting the indexing de vices,each of the keys -1. to 558 capable of operating two of the bars, andthe combs being shiftable into and out of efiectiye pnsitiens r etiv lvas said bas endebfifible m an o meve the ad e eeml enema to ring t ir tet 'te p iiieae when y m e down dly e tieen a; nfle ia devices and con mtantly eiibtsee.

'endwise to positions here they may s'et the 'indexingdevices;

A In a machine in which subtraction is perfo rif iediby the methodofIcomplemen'tary addition? the combination "of a. registering Inechnisin having a systein of'indexing dev c "if digit keys,denomination-selecting me" "grock shafts' operable by the keys,

seek msi'iipo'n shafts,simultaneously operable addition and subtractionlinkages e l ept s sly 'cefiii he, I -M 1 whereby; 'l'ipo'n Tthe operation ofa digit key, both nj addition linkage V and a; snhtraetion 15586: f i i mt e S 'fWBl i Q'S ge iii d, Qf aid. i ka i1 n b eg'ih addtion? li a M1 s b rz ige's tofliefelfective. v

t nZ a maehine' n which subtraction 1s Combination t a -single. regi s fi .inibel i fihyipf 1 in'g aflsystem foi index ng dev'lces, a set of a nesi tracno linka ey e. op

1- -i s ,l. V. 11 .7 s, (an means for: e t m ny .9 de'zglng 'devlce whenjanyfothe indexdev' ce is: the same denomination. 1 E9, "If 1 machine in'gwhichisfnhtraction is fp brm'ed brib h d .Qf e pie en a y additiongthe' eomhination of a registering mechanism: hajving system .of index ngdo? :i c:es, digit keys, denominationselecting rneans. rock-shaftsoperable bythe keys, i

rook-arms noon the shafts. simultaneouslyoperable addition andsubtraction linkages appropriately. connected-to the sock-arms, whereby,ni on the operation of a dig t key,

1. hoth an additional linkage and a, subtrac- 'mechanism' having'asysteni of indexing, de v 1 .7 V v vices, digitkeys, denomination-Wieding means; rock-shafts operable by .the kevs, rock-arms ,ilpon the :slafts, 5'n nltaneously operable addition and subtraction, linkages 36Bappropriately; connected to the rock arms,

Whei'ehy,'upon the operation 'of'a digitkey,

BEST AVAILABLE COP".

both an, addition linkage and a subtraction linka 'e may be operated,each of said linke ages including a l nk or bar which moves verticallyat the stroke of its key, devices shiftahle upon said links or bars intoand out of position for setting the indexing devicgfzind shifter barconnected" to all of said sh'ftable devices, for shiftingthenlsimiiltaneouslyfto shift one set of setting devices into ils e'andthe other set of setting devices out of use- 5 11; "In m tinee 'inwhiclisubtraetion is performed by the; 'liiethod of c omplemen-' taryaddition, the "combination of afregisw ter'ng mechanism}havingsystemj'of indexing devices, digit .keys, denomination selecting'1neans,frock-sl1afts ope-fable by; the keys, 'i ock-arms npontheshafts,simillt-a'ne eddy-operable addition I subtraction i pbn pi y weedi erook e tins, twherehiv, iipon the 0" oration of a digit key; both anaddit on liiika'g'e and "a' subtraction *linka el my be operated; eachof said linkages inclndingla lil'il bl bar which moves 'vertieenygemhe's'trokz; 10f its key, end 'device'sf shiitahjl'efiipon singlinks orh'arsjintd and "6115361? Position for setting the indexing; deviees,said s'hiftahle devices in" the nature off'coniljshaving'.teeth forsetting the? indexing dev'ices',the teeth in the addition combs being;opposit'jthe s aces in the sslit-faoiionfcombs,laltof saidf'fitvlflb ibe ing "conii c ed 'sd ithatflvirli-eii o'i1"e "seii d'f combsisinnsejthe oth'ei' setof coil'ihs is bat-bin e; 2121113 fiz'i machinein s iibtrzi'etion is Pe d y fliimetlo ci e l ht y addition, reg ta ing"comprisg ing "a set of indeigin'g jdevices, niiie" keys,addition"Ybfairs". and suhti acton bars; "fo i eo-operating with thekeys -to set the indexing devices, each iof the first eightkeys he; "ngconnected to operate an additioii b ar :gifid a subtraction .barsimultaneouslv, and shiftohle means connected'to all the harem causeeither the addition 'hals o1 thesiihtraotion bars to he effective withrelation to said indexing devices. 1

13. In a. machine in which subtract on is performed by the method ofcomplementary addition, a registering .Inechanism comprising aset-ofindexing devices, nine digit key gldditionhars and siihtraction barsco-op crating withtlie kevs to set the indexingdevices, each of thefirst eight keys con nected to operate anaddition has and asilhtract-ion bar simultaneously, each of said bars gpi'ovicled with" adisplaceablecoinh "for setting the indekinig'devicesfand a shift'ahlemember to hall of'tlie combs 'ziriicOiinected to be controlled thereby.3 14,1n a. machine in which subtraction is performed byihe method ofcomplementary addition,.;a registering mechanism comprise ing aset ofindexing devices, nine keys, addition bars and subtraction bars fdi BESTAVAlLABLE COP.

co-operating with the keys to set the indexing devices, each of thefirst eight keys being connected to operate an addition bar andasubtraction bar simultaneously, each of said bars provided with adisplaceable comb for setting the indexing devices, and a shittablemember to which all of the combs are connected :to be controlledthereby, one series of said combs hav ng only addition teeth and theother series having only subtraction teeth, and the combs beingshiftable endwise to bring either series into position over the indexingdevices and the other ser es to position where the teeth will pass idlbetween the indexing devices at the key operations.

15. In a machine in which subtraction is performed by the method ofcomplementary addition, a registering mechanism comprising a set ofindexing devices, nine digit keys, addition bars and subtraction barsfor co-operating with the keys to set the indexing devices, each of thefirst eight keys being connected to operate an addition bar and asubtraction bar simultaneously, each of said bars prov-idedwith ,adisplaceable comb for setting the indexing devices, each combcom-prising a strip having pendent evenly-spaced teeth agreeing with thetransverse-spacing of the indexing devices, and a shiftable member towhich all of the combs are connectedwto'be controlled thereby; v

16. In a machine in which subtraction is performed by the methodoat-complementary addition, the combinationzof .a registering mechanismcomprising asetof indexing devices, a set of nine digit keys, a set ofaddie tion bars, and aset of-subtraction bars .for setting :saidindexing devices, each of the first eight digit keys being, connected tooperate: an addition bar and .a subtraction bar, each of said barshaving slots, combs shittable endwise in said slots and movable up anddown by the bars, and having teeth to set the. indexing devices, andmeans to shiftone set of combs into use and the other set out of use.

1']. In. a machine in which subtraction is performed by the method ofcomplementary addition, the combination of a registering mechanismcomprising a set of indexing devices, a setofnine digit keys, a set, ofaddition bars, and a set of subtraction bars for setting said indexingdevices, each of the first eight digit keys being connected to operatean addition bar and a subtraction bar, each-of said bars having slots,combs shiftablc endwise in said slotsand movable up and down by thebars, and having teeth to set the indexing devices, and means to shiftone set of combs into use and the other set out of use, said slotsextending longitndinally of the bars, said combs having-ears working insaid slots, and said slots being open at the bottom, the comb teethprojecti below the .bars, and said -slots being' of sn cient length to,permit the shifting of the combs. K

18. In a machine in which subtraction .is performed by the methodozfconiplementary addition, -the combi nation of a registering mechanismcomprismg a s'etof indexing de-. vices, aset of nine keys asetofaddition bars, and a set of subtraction bags fQr setting saidindexing devices, ieachxdi iihfl first eight digit keys beingconnectedto .qperate an addition bar and a subtractidn l ar, each of said ibarshaving ,s'1dtsj,- em'h ,shgilftable endwise in said slots anaimovableand vdown by the bars, and having'tefl) ftb set the indexing devices thefsulifiration combs having teetht oppositefthe epaees'b tween ,theteeth-onthe addition .cdinlis', all of the combs having alignedfslots ashifter bar e xte cli ng ithrott;qh1tlie to shift the t mbs awn-e, 'saiaeni ma 516s being extended vertica lyft' "1.1 e ts e h bombs .vLHe s t jmdex'ing devices; i

periormed by 'themefihod or addition, the-combination. of a S mechanismemn sins 13 cf n vices, a set of ninedigitkeys," 4 I tion' bars, and ais'et-ofsiibtractibnhars' iii Setting a d i dex ng evice' ea b athe fieight ig t kyr ibe e i em e t fl t c a e. an ,addition bar and aibtractid l H i ea hibi sa d hav a gt lbts, com 'ii r a e sein sa d lnseed d l ro h-a ate i f-Winsv Set the i d x n d vices e iei cqmbs hai gL eth' oppositeth tv'eent e hics d ad r al of th 1 91. .5 hat ng elign'idislo Sande lh e Tha 'ex e d n'glflmm th slat .1 shift the combsendwise. sail aligned slots being extended vertically to the movementsof the combs' when-setting the indexing devices, a rock sha-ft connectedto S id h bar QY' ri i flit ,e means a th y ard t9 p i te th ne- Shaftan n' 'e tan lvis .eth' rnei iqes f' h registering e h ism t ei t adiieh condition. 1 p r 20 In ma i a n hic sefit aet en is p f m d y. the'm'e hfiiifi c mplement y addition, t e wmb ra ibn 0i a ea e me m mpring as; 9f. i d 'x figi vices, a set of nine digit keys, set or L n bars,an a se f sub racti n bi 'i settinm said indexingfdevices, each of thefirst eight digit keys being connected toperate an addition bar an asubtraction bar, each of said bars having slots, combs shiftable endwisein said slots and movablea d d wn. by e h and wine tsi set the indexingdevice's, means or in o e se of c m s v o sai e he her s outat u e seeha e? beiei a? BEST-AVAlLABLE COP.

same thickness as the bar in which it is mounted, and guides common tothe bars" and combs to guide the same vertically. Y

21. In a machine in which subtraction is performed by the method ofcomplementary addition, the combination of a registering mechanlsmcomprising a' set of indexing devices, a set of nine digit keys, a setof addi-' tion bars, and a set of subtraction bars'for settin saidindexing devices, each of the first eight digit keys being connected tooperate an addition bar and a subtraction bar,

each of said bars having slots, combs shift-' able endwise in said slotsand movable up and down by the bars, and having teeth to set theindexing devices, means to shift one set of combs into use and the otherset out of use, each comb having about the same thickness as the bar inwhich it is mounted, and guides'common to the bars and combs to guidethe same vertically, said guides in eluding a series of plates arrangedon edge and extending from front to back. adjacent to the registeringmechanism. and having.

guide-slots forthe bars and combs. 22.;In a machine in which subtractionis performed by the method of complementary addition, the combination ofa registering mechanism comprising, asct ofindexing de-' v1ces,- aset ofnine d1g1t keys, a set of 'adv dition bars, and a set of subtractionbarsjfor,

settin said indexing devices, each of the first eight digit keys beingconnected to op erate an addition barand a subtraction bar,

each of said bars having slots, combs shiftable endwise in said slotsand movable up and down by the bars, andhavingteeth to.

set the indexing devices, means to shift one set of, combs into use andthe other set out "of .use, each comb having about the same' thicknessas the bar in which it is mounted, and guides common to the bars andcombs to guide the same vertically, said guidesineluding a series ofplates arranged on edge 7 and extending from front to backadjacent tothe registering mechanism and. having 1 guide-slots for the bars andcombs, two bars withtheir combs working in each slot, the

bars with their combs being placed'closely face to face, sothat anyappropriate indexing device may be reached by either combl:

23. In-a machine in which'subtraction' is performedby the method ofcomplementary addition, the combination of a registering "mechanismcomprising a set of indexing devices, a set of nine digit keys, a set ofaddi-v tion bars, and a set of subtraction bars for setting saidindexing devices, each of said bars having slots, combs shiftableendwisc 7 in said slots and movable up and down by I the bars, andhaving teeth to set. the indexing devices, means to shift one set ofcombs into use and the other set out of use, each comb having about thesame thickness as the 1 bar inwhich it. is mounted, and guides common tothe bars and combs to guide the same vertically, said guides including aseries of plates arranged on edge and extending from ;front to backadjacent to the registering mechanism and having guide-slots for thebars and combs, two bars with their combs working in each slot, the barswith their combs being placed closely face to face, so that anyappropriateindexing device may be reached by either comb, said barsbeing thus guided in pairs, and each of the first eight digit keys beingconnected to operate an addition bar in one pair and a subtraction bareight digit keys being connected to operate an addition bar and asubtraction bar, each of said bars having slots, combs shiftable endwisesaid slots and movable up and down by the bars, having teeth to set thevindexin devices,a subtraction shift-key, a bar'shi able thereby, anarm:to which said bar *isconnected, arock-shaft carrying said,

arm, a second arm upon said rock'-shaft,-a.

link connecting the second arm, a second. rock-shaft having an armconnected to said-'5 link, and a bar connected-to the second rockshaft'and extending through slots in allv of I said combs to shift theaddition combs to ineffective positions and the subtraction combs toeffective positions.

25;In a machine in which subtraction is performed bythe method'ofcomplementary addition, the combination of a registering tion bars, anda'set offsubtraction bars for setting said, indexing devices, each ofthe first eight digit keysbeing connected to operate an addition bar anda subtraction bar, each of said bars having slots, combs shift- 5 ableendwise in said slots and-movable up and down by the bars, and havingteeth to, setthe indexing devices, a-subtraction shift- 7 key, a barconnected to the subtraction shiftkey and extending, through: slots inall'of -said combs to shift the addition combs to inefiectivepositions-and thev subtractioncombs to effective positions, meansconne'ctedto said subtraction key to set all theL9? indexing devicesandto controlthe automatic insertion of an extra11 in the units place intheregister, and means operable by any of the-first eight digit keys forrestoring the. set 9 indexing device in any denomination.

26. In a machine in'which subtraction is performed by the method ofcomplementary addition, the combination of a registering mechanismcomprising a set oi indexing de- -1D5 mechanism comprising a; setofindexingdevices, a set of nine d1g1t keys, a set of :addi- BESTAVAILABLE COP.

vices, -a-setof nine digit keys, at set of addition bars, anda set ofsubtraction bars for setting said indexing, devices, each of. tho firsteight digit keys being connected. to op,- erate an addition bar and asubtraction bar, each of said bars having slots, combsv shift ableendwise in. saidslots andmovable up and down by the bars, and havingteeth to. set the indexing devices, a subtraction. shift- 1 key, a barconnected to the subtraction shift key and extending through slots inall of said combs to shiftthe addition combs. to ineffective positionsand. the. subtraction combs to efiective positions, means connect: ed'tosaid subtraction key to. set all the 9 indexing devices and to: controlthe automatic insertion of an extra 1. in the units lace in theregister, a bar operable by. any ofthefirsteight digit keys, and. meansshiftl-sable into and.- out, of use .upon .thelast-mentioned bar. forenabling the same to. restore anyv of. theset 9?? indexing devices.

27. In a machinein which subtraction-1s performed by themethodof-complementary. -addition, the combination of a registeringmechanism comprisinga set of indexing;

devices, a set of nine .di git keys, aset of addition. bars, and. a. setof subtraction bars for.

setting said indexing. device's, each. of, the,

first eight digit.keysbeing-connected t0 ope erate an addition. bar; anda substraction bar, each 'ofsaid. bars having; slots, combs shiftableend-wise in. said; slots and movable up and .down' by theb'ars,and-having teeth to set the indexing devices, a subtraction shift-key, abarconnect'edto the subtraction shift key and extendingthrouglr slots.in all of said combs to. shift the addition combs to ineffectivepositions andathe-subtraction.

combs to'efiective positions, means connected. c:

to said subtractionkey. tol setall :the indexing devices. and tocontrolthe auto:

matic insertionof an extra 1 in the .units place i in the register, abar. operable. by -any of the first eight digit-keys, and combs;

upon said last-mentionedb'ar and .co1mected.-.

subtraction key to be adjusted on said bar into and out of use, anddevices operable by -'-said setter for restoring any previously set 9'indexing device.

29. In an adding and subtracting machine in which subtraction isperformed by the method of complen'ientary addition, the combination ofregisters, each having a system mama of indexingdevices, a set of digit,keys, denomination-selecting means, means controlled by the keys forsetting indexing devices in saidregisters simultaneously, eachkeyprovidedwith a double, linkage, and-7 means shiftab-le on saidlinkages for enabling each digit key to set in all of said regis.- terseither a corresponding indexing device for addition or a complementaryindexing device for subtraction.

30. In an adding and subtracting, machine in which subtraction isperformedby. themethod ofcomplementary. addition, the combination ofregisters, each having a system of indexing-devices, a set of digitkeys, denomination-selecting means, means. controlled by the keys for;settingindexing. devices in said registers. simultaneously, each keyprovided witha double. linkage, means shiftable on said linkages for.enabling each digit key. .to set in all-ofsaidzregisters either acorresponding. indexing..device forfaddition or; a. complementary;indexing; device; for; subtraction, said: linkages" including barscommonito. the registers for 'Lsetting, lin dexing. devices at. the.addition. operation and other. bars also common to theregist'ers, forsetting indexing devices at the subtrac tion operation, and means forrendering one set of bars; effective and the othe setineffective.

31. In an adding machine, the-combination with a plurality-of registers,each in cluding a set of indexing devices,--of digit'- keys, barsoperable by said keys, each bar carrying combs having teetlr-tosetlth-ein dexing devices, each comb being I shiftable on said bar into and outofieflective "position, and; complementary bars operable-by:

the same keys. andi' g h; h i tti lflfi.

combs shiftable into and out of effective" positions. 1 i

32. In amachinejin which subtraction is performed by-the method ofcomplementary-' addition, the combination of apliiralitybe registers,each including a set of=iindeX-- ing devices, digitfkeys', andIinkagein'echa nism operable by the keys and comniontothe registers andincluding bars' having" devices extending longitudinally thereof forsetting indexingdvices in a plurality of registers simultaneously, eachof thekeys 1' to 8 capable of'oper ating complementary bars, of whichone is complementary of the other, and the setting devices beingshiftable forall the registers, to shift; the setting devices forsubtraction into use and the devices for addition o ut of use.

33. In a machine in which subtraction is performed by the method ofcon'ipleinentary addition, the combination of -a plurality of registers,each including a set of indexingdevices, digit keys, linkage mechanismop erable by the keys and coininonto the registers and including barshaving combs='extending longitudinally thereof for setting indexingdevices in a plurallty of registers simultaneously, each of the keys 1to 8 capable of operating complementary bars,

of which one is complementary of the other, and the setting combs beingshiftable for all the registers, and means to move the teeth of theaddition combs to positions where they may move down idly between theindexing devices and simultaneously shift the subtraction combs topositions where devices in a plurality of registers simultaneously, eachof the keys 1 to 8 capable of operating complementary bars, of which oneis complementary of the other, and the setting combs being shiftable forall the registers, and means to move the teeth of the addition combs topositions where they may move down idly between the indexing devices andsimultaneously shift thesubtraction combs to positions where they mayreach the indexing devices to set the same, a plurality of shiftersbeing employed,-one for shifting all of the combs for each register. I

35. In a machine in which subtraction is performed by the method ofcomplementary addition, the combination of a plurality of registers,each having a system of indexing devices, digit keys,denomination-selecting means, rock-shafts operable by the keys, rockarmsupon the shafts, simultaneously-operable addition and subtractionlinkages connected to the appropriate rock-arms, where by, upontheoperation of a digit key, both an addition linkage and a subtractionlinkage may be operated, said linkages common to the registers, andshiftable means connect-- ed to said linkages to enable either theaddition linkages or the subtraction linkages to be effective for anyselected register.

36. In a machinein which subtraction is performed by the method ofcomplementary addition, the combination of a plurality of registers,each having a system of indexing devices, digit keys,denomination-selecting means, rock-shafts operable by the keys, rockarmsupon the shafts, simultaneously-operable addition and subtractionlinkages connected to the appropriate rock-arms, whereby, upon theoperation of a digit key, both an addition linkage and a subtractionlinkage may be operated, said linkages common to the registers,shiftable means connected to said linkages to enable either the additionlinkages or the subtraction linkages to be BEST AVAILABLE COP.

effective-for any selected register, the rockshaft for the digit key 9having only an addition :11 m, a subtraction key for each register,each'subtraction key having means to shift the connections between thedigit keys and the indexing devices, and also having means to set the 9indexing devices, and means operable by digit keys for restoring any 9indexing device when another indexing device is set in the samedenomination for the same register.

37. In a machine in which subtraction is performed by the method ofcomplementary addition, the combination of a plurality of registers,each having a system of indexing devices, digit keys,denomination-selecting means, rock-shafts operable by the keys, rockarmsupon the shafts, simultaneously-operable addition and subtractionlinkages connected to the appropriate rock-arms, where by, upon theoperation of a digit key, both an addition linkage and a subtractionlinkage may be operated, said linkages common to the registers,shiftable means connected to said linkages to enableeither'the additionlinkages or the subtraction linkages to be effective for anyselectedregister, the rock'- shaft for the digit key 9 having only an additionarm, a subtraction key for each register, each subtractionkey-havingmeans to 9 shift the connections-between the digitkeys and theindexingdevices, and also having, means to set the 9 indexing devices,means operable by digit keys for restoring any 9 indexing device whenanother indexing de vice is set in the same denomination for the sameregister, each of said linkages including a bar which moves verticallyat the stroke or its key, and sets of devices for the different pregisters, each s'et'shiftable upon said, bars into and'out of positionfor setting indexing devices-for its register.

38; In a machine in which subtraction is performed by the methodofcomplementary addition, the combinationrof a plurality ofregisters,'eachhaving a system of indexing devices, digit' keys,denomination-selecting means, rock-shafts operable by the keys, rockarmsupon the shafts, simultaneously-opera ble addition and subtractionlinkages con- 1 nectedto the appropriate rock-arms. where:

by, upon theoperation of a digit/key, both i an addition linkage and asubtraction linkage may be operated, said linkagescommon to theregisters, shiftab-le' means connected to said linkages to enable eitherthe addition linkages or the subtraction linkages to be effective forany selected register, the rock-shaft.

for the digit key 9 having only an addition arm, a subtraction key foreach register, each subtraction key having means to shift theconnections between the digit keys and the indexing devices, and alsohaving means BEST AVAILABLE COP.

ing device when another indexing device is set in the same denominationfor the same register, each of said linkages includinga bar which movesvertically at the stroke of its key, sets of devices for the differentregisters, each set shiftable upon said bars into. and out of positionfor setting indexing devices for its register, and shifter barsconnected to said sets of shiftable devices for shifting all the devicesin each set simultaneously.

39. In a machine in which subtraction is performed by the method ofcomplementary addition, the combination of; a plurality of registers,each having a system of indexing devices, digit keys,denomination-selecting means, rock-shafts oaera-ble by the keys,rock-arms upon the shafts,simultaneouslyoperable addition andsubtraction linkages" connected to the appropriate rock-arms, whereby,upon the operation of a digit, key, both an addition linkage and a:subtraction; linkage may be operated, said linkages; common to theregisters, shiftable means COIL."- nected to said linkages to enableeither the. addition linkages or the subtraction lin;k

ages to be effective for any selected; regis ter, the rock-shaft for thedigit key 9 haying only an addition arm, a; subtnactionrkey for eachregister,each subtraction key. having means to shift theconnections-between the;

digit keys and. the indexing devices,anl=ialso; having means to set the9 indexing de vices, means operable by digit keys for restoring any 9-indexing; device when an;

other indexing device is set in the same dea nomination forthe sameregister, each of;

said linkages including a ban whiclrmoves; vertically at the stroke; ofitskey -setsofj devices for the different; registers, each: set

shift-able upon said bars into; andzouti of-lpoe sition for settingindexingdevicesfor its: reglster, and shifter barsconnected to said setsof shiftable devicesfor shifting all the; devices in eaclrsetsimultaneously, the, shift-1 able devices in each set being in; tll& ,I1flt111e-' of combs having teeth for setting the;in

dexing devices, the teeth in the addition.

combs being opposite the-spaces inthe subtraction combs for eachregister, so that when one set of'combs is in use for any register theother set of combs for the same register is out of use.-

40. In a machine inwhich subtraction-is:

the bars to. change them from addition; to subtraction condition forthat register.

41-; In a machine in which subtraction is performed by the methodofcomplementary addition, a plurality of registers, each com.- prising aset of indexing devices, ninediglt keys, addition bars and subtractionbars common to the registers for co-operatingwith the keys to setindexing devices for any register, each of the first eight keysbeingconnected to operate an addition bar and a, subtraction barsimultaneously, and a shifter at each register and connected to all theham to change them from addition to subtraction condition for thatregister,

with the keys-to set indexing devices for any register, each of thefirst; eight-keys: being connected, to operate ,anraddition bar." and. a

subtraction ban simultaneously, andEa-shiften at each register andconnected; to all, the bars-to chan-gethem from addition: to subr.traction condition for that-register, each of said bars provided with a;plurality of; dis:- placeable; combs "for-setting the.- index-ing;desvices; forthe different registers,=,and all orthe combs for. each}register being; connected? to, at singles shifter to =be1- controlled.-thereby, the-shifters beingfindividualito the registers, oneseriesofjsa-id-jcombs; having only; addl m tionteet-h and the othenseries-having only subtraction teeth, and thecombsifor each:

registen being shiftable; endwise independs ently of the other registersto:bring; either series ofcombs into *position: over thesindexs ingdevices for that register, and the. other series to position whereiheteetlrwill passidly between the indexing :dGViCBS/ELD thekeyoperations-.;

43. In a machine in which subtraction isperformed by the method of:complementary 2 addition, .a plurality of! registers,- a eachscomprisingfa set 0f:indexing devicesgninezdigitz keys, addition barsand.v subtraction bars common to the registers; for co-operating withthekeys to set indexing devices forany register,- each ofthefirst-eightkeys 'be ing connected to operatean addition: bar

and a subtraction bar simultaneously,land a. shifter at each-registerandconnected to all:

the bars to change them from:addition-to subtraction condition forthat-register, each of said bars provided with a plurality ofdisplaceable combs for setting the indexing devices for the differentregisters, and all of the combs for each register being connected to asingle shifter to be controlled thereby, the shifters being individualto the registers, one series of said combs having only addition teethand the other series having only subtraction teeth, and the combs foreach register being shiftable endwise independently of the otherregisters to bring ,either series of combs into position over theindexing devices for that register, and the other series to positionWhere the teeth will pass idly between the indexing devices at the keyoperations, the combs on each bar arranged end to end and each combcomprising a strip having pendent evenly-spaced teeth agreeing with thetransverse spacing of the indexing devices.

' 44. In amachine in Which subtraction is performed by the method ofcomplementary addition,'said machine comprising a plurality ofregisters, each comprising a set of indexing devices, digit keys for allof the registers, bars common'to the registers and operable by the digitkeys for setting the indexing fdevices, denomination-determiningmechanism, said bars including addition bars and subtraction bars, eachof the first eight digit keys ca able of operating both an addition baran a subtraction bar, and

shifters to'r'ender the subtraction bars for one register effective orineffective independently of another register. v

45. In a machine in which subtraction is performed by the method ofcomplementary addition, said machine comprising a plurality ofregisters, each comprising ,a set of indexing devices, digit'keys forall, of the registers, 'bars common to the registers and operable by thedigit keys forsetting the indexing devices, denomination-determiningmechanism, and shiftable" means individual to each register fordetermining independently of the other registers Whether the bars forthat register shall addor subtract at the operation of the keys, each ofsaid 'bars carrying akplurality of combs for setting indexing devicesinthe various registers, and the combs for one register being settableindependently of the other registers toeither addition or subtraction,condition; J I

46. In' a machine in'which subtraction is performed by the methodof'complementary addition, said machine comprising plurality ofregisters, each comprising a set of indexing devices, digit keysfor'allof, the registers, bars'common to the register and operable bythe digit keys for setting the indexing devices,denomination-determining mechanism, and shiftable means individual toeach register for. determining inde' pendently of the otherregistersWhether the ST AVAILABLE COP.

47. In a machine in which subtraction is performed by the method ofcomplementary addition, the combination with a plurality of registerseach comprising a set of indexing devices, of .digit keys, a set ofaddition bars and a-set of subtraction bars for setting said indexingdevices, each of the first eight digit keys being connected to operateboth an addition barfand a subtraction bar, each of said bars havingslots, combs shiftable endwise in'saidslots and movable up and down bythe bars,'and having teeth to-set' the indexing devices, and shiftersindividual to the registers, each shifter connected to shift one'setofc'ombs for that register into use and the other set out of use.

48. In a machine in which subtraction is performed by the method ofcomplementary addition, the combination with a plurality of registerseach comprising a set of indexing devices, of digit keys, a'set ofaddition bars and a set ofs'ubtraction bars for setting said indexingdevices, each of the first eight digit keys being connected to operateboth an addition bar, and a' subtraction bar, each of said bars having.slots, combs shiftable endwise in said slots and movable up and down bythe bars, and having teeth to set the indexing devices ,"and shiftersindividual tothe registers, each shifter connected to shift one set ofcombs for that register into use and the other'set out of use, each ofsaid bars having a series. ofextended longitudinal slots in Whichthecombs are shifted, said combs having ears Working in said slots, saidslots open at the bottom, and the comb teeth projecting from theopenslots. i

49. In a machine in which subtraction is performed by the method ofcomplementary addition, thecombination Witha plurality of registers eachcomprising a set of indexing devices, of digit'keys', a'set of additionbars and aset of subtraction bars for setting said indexing devices,each of the first eight digit keys being connected to operate both anaddition bar and a subtractionbar, each of said bars having slot-s,combs shiftable endwise in said slots and movable up and down by thebars, andhaving teeth to set the indexing devices, and shiftersindividual to the registers, each shifter connected to BEST AVAILABLEshift one set of combs for that register into use and the other set outof use, each of said bars having a series of extended longitudinal slotsin which the combs are shifted, said combs having ears working in saidslots, said slots open at thebottom, and the comb teeth projecting fromthe open slots, the subtract-ion combs for each register having teethopposite the spaces between the teeth on the addition combs for thatregister, and all of the combs for each register having aligned slots,said shifters comprising bars individual to the registers and extendingthrough the slots to shift the combs endwise, said slots being extendedvertically to permit the vertical movements of the combs when settingthe indexing devices.

50. In a machine in which subtraction 18 performed by the method ofcomplementary addition, the combination with a plurality of registerseach comprising a set of indexing devices, of digit keys, a set ofaddition bars and a set of subtraction bars for setting said indexingdevices, each of the first eight digit keys being connected to operateboth an addition bar and .a subtraction bar, each of said bars havingslots, combs shiftable endwise in said slots and movable up and down bythe bars, and having teeth to set the indexing devices, shiftersindividual to the registers, each shifter connected to shift one set ofcombs for that register into use and the other set out of use, each ofsaid bars having a series of extended longitudinal slots in which thecombs are shifted, said combs having ears working in said slots, saidslots open at the bottom, and the comb teeth projecting from the openslots, each comb having about the same thickness as the bar in which itis mounted, and guides at the various registers engaging the bars andcombs to guide the same vertically.

51. In a machine in which subtraction is performed by the method ofcomplementary addition, the combination with a plurality of registerseach comprising a set of indexing devices, of digit keys, aset ofaddition bars and a set of subtraction bars for setting said indexingdevices, each of the first eight digit keys being connected to operateboth an addition bar and a subtraction bar, each of said bars havingslots, combs shiftable endwise in said slots and movable up and down bythe bars, and having teeth to set the indexing devices, shiftersindividual to the registers, each shifter connected to shift one set ofcombs for that register into use and the other set out of use, each ofsaid bars having a series of extended longitudinal slots in which thecombs are shifted, said combs having ears working in said slots, saidslots open at the bot-tom, and the comb teeth projecting from the openslots, each comb having about the same thickness as the bar in which itis mounted, and guides 52. In a machine in which subtraction isperformedby the method of complementary addition, the combination with aplurality of registers each comprising a set of indexing devices, ofdigit keys, a set of addition bars and a-set of subtraction bars forsetting said indexing devices, each of said bars having slots, combsshiftable endwise in said slots and movable up and down by the bars, andhaving teeth to set the indexing devices, shifters individual to theregisters, each shifter connected to shift one set of combs for thatregister into use and-the other set out of use, each of said bars hayinga series of extended longitudinal slots in which :the

combs are shifted, said combs havingaears mounted, and guides at thevarious registers engaging the bars and combs to Aide-the samevertically, said guides including guide plates at thediiferentregisters, arranged on edge and extending from front toback andhaving guide slots for the bars andacombs, two bars with theircombsavorking in each slot face to face, so that any indexing de vice inanyset may be reached by either appropriate comb, said-bars being thusarranged in pairs, and each of the first eight digit keys beingconnected to operate an addition bar in one pair and a subtraction barin another pair.

53. In a machine in which subtraction is performed by the method ofcomplementary addition, the combination with a plurality of registerseach comprising a set of indexing devices, of digit keys, a set ofaddition bars and a set of subtraction bars for setting said indexingdevices, eachlof the first eight digit keys'being connected to operateboth an additionbar anda subtraction bar, each of said bars havingslots, combs shiftable endwise incsaid slots and movable up and down bythe bars, and having teeth to set the indexing devices, a subtractionshift key for each register,la bar shiftablethereby, an arm to whichsaid bar is connected, :1 rockshaft carrying said arm, a second arm uponsaid rock-shaft, a link connecting the second arm, a second'rock-shafthaving an arm connected to said link, and a bar connected to the secondrock-shaft and extending through slots in all of said combs forthatregister, to shift the addition combs to inef BEST AVAILABLE COP;

fective positions and the subtraction combs to efi'ectivepositionsindependently of the remaining registers. I

4, In afmachine in which subtraction is 5 performed by the methodofcomplementary addition, the 'COII1b l,I1tt-i01 l -,with a v pluralityofi -registersreach comprising a set of 'indexingdeyices oi digit keys,a set of additionhbarsranda set of subtraction bars for sett-in .saidindexing devices, each of the plghtgdigitkeysbeing connected tooperate-hothanaddition .bar and a subtraction bar, qeachipf said ,bars;having slots, combs shift-able end vise ,in said slots and movable 1 p;a d q rni n-tl q ba ,aniha'ai s e a t0,set.,,the:indexing-devices, asubtraction shift, key .-for each register, a bar 1 connected to thesubtraction shift: ,key; and ,extending hr shfil in 1l.-- ei d-;ee ifentha 0 Treg'ister, to shitt the addition :combs to inefe ie: planin ed 19 sa t q en m to c eate 'es i e 's edaeqe set r 9 the r ma s re i t saea se n ct di o c d n i v sm a e i fi rand we li h a oma e 'n er irqiane i -13 the units place in that;register independentlyofthe other,registers, and means 'operables anti s thefir'sfii i ht digit ysiiosemester fi i s deni s. .iel-e 55,; In 1 machine. in, f subtraction isperformed .by the method oi. complementary a i n: th -wm i tienaw theplurality 0t: registers, each comprising alset of indexing devices, ofkeys a set oi addition 'barsand. a, se' t,of subtraction b arsgforsettingsaidj indexing Tdevices, each, of the ,first eight digit keysbeing connected to operate both ,an ,addition; bar and a subtractionbar, eachofsaid bars, having slots, combs shiftable endaviseinsaid-slots and movable up anddoivn by the-bars, and havingteeth to setthe indexing devices, asubtraction shift. key for each register, a .barconnected to the subtraction shift key and extending through slots inallof said combsfor that register, to shift the addition combs toineffective POSI- tions and the subtractionicombs toefiective positionsindependently of the remaining registers, means connected .tO eachsubtraction shift key to setall the 9 indexing devices inthat registerand to control the automatic insertion of an extra 1 in the units placein that register, independently of the other registers, a. baroperableby any of the firsteight digit keys, means shiftable into andout of use upon said-bar for enabling the same to restore any of theset9 indexing devices, and combs upon said bar and shiftable'into usesimultaneously with the subtraction combs for the same register andcapable of restoring any of the set 9 indexing devices.

56. In a machine for subtracting by the said combs for. restoring anypreviously set- 9 indexingdevicenfor that register.

57. In an adding andsubtracting machine in which subtraction isperformed by the m e thod of complementary addition, the combinationwith .a series of i registering mechanismsh avi ngindividually operablesubtraction 7 keys whereby ,any registering mecha- .n1sm may beset tosubtraction independlof, the. other registering mechanisms,

of hii clexing devices lfor' each registering ,mecha nisr'ma .set ofdigit-keys, means con- ,trolledbys aid subtraction keys for enabling thedigit keys to: set the indexing devices for either: addition orsubtraction, said machine .includin g iflgeneral operator, means for,latching any subtraction keyin its operative position, and means toenable the general operator.,t otresetjautomatically the 9- indexingdevices .in thesame register and insert :;an.e,ntra,1=in the units placein said regis- 1 iterindependently of theother registers.

58. In an adding and subtracting machine which. subtraction isperfOrmedby the -method of complementary addition, the combination, with aseriesof registering -mechanisms-lmving individually operable subtraction keyswhereby, any registering mechanism may be set to subtractionindependently of they otherregistering mechanisms, of indexing devicesfor each registering mechanism, a set of digit keys, means controlled bysaid subtraction keys for em abling .the' digit keys to set the indexingdevicesfor either addition or subtract-ion, said machine including ageneral operator, means for latching any subtract-ion key in itsoperative position, means to enable the general operator to resetautomatically the 9 indexing devices in the same register and insert anextra 1 in the units place in said register independently of the otherregisters, means connected to each of said latching means to release thesame. and means also connected to said releasing means. forrestoringtheset 9 indexing devices to normal positions for that register. 7 a i59. In a machine in which subtraction is performedby the method ofcomplementary addition, the combination registers having each a systemof indexing devices, set of digit keys, denomination-selecting means,means controlled by the :keys

for setting indexing devices for a plurality of registerssimultaneously, each key proof a plurality of

